Dance of the Photons: From Einstein to Quantum Teleportation

Einsteins steadfast refusal to accept certain aspects of quantum theory was rooted in his insistence that physics has to be about reality. Accordingly, he once derided as spooky action at a distance the notion that two elementary particles far removed from each other could nonetheless influence each others propertiesa hypothetical phenomenon his fellow theorist Erwin Schrø¶dinger termed quantum entanglement. In a series of ingenious experiments conducted in various locationsfrom a dank sewage tunnel under the Danube River to the balmy air between a pair of mountain peaks in the Canary Islandsthe author and his colleagues have demonstrated the reality of such entanglement using photons, or light quanta, created by laser beams. In principle the lessons learned may be applicable in other areas, including the eventual development of quantum computers.